Statement 1 is NOT true because Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina was actually serialized later, from 1875 to 1877, before its final book publication in 1878.

The other statements are true: The novel is famously structured in eight parts (2), revolves around the parallel lives of the tragic Anna and the philosophical Konstantin Levin (3), and its sympathetic, complex exploration of a woman's adulterous affair and societal ostracization was revolutionary for its time (4).

This is one of the most famous opening lines in world literature, beginning Leo Tolstoy's 1877 novel Anna Karenina.

It gave rise to the "Anna Karenina principle" in statistics and science, which states that a successful endeavor is one where every possible deficiency has been avoided, whereas failure can happen through a variety of unique flaws.

Other famous opening lines for context:

• Nineteen Eighty-Four: “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.”
• Pride and Prejudice: "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife."

Tolstoy's portrayal of Anna Karenina is complex and deeply layered:

• (A) True: She is deeply committed to her son Seryozha, causing immense internal conflict when she leaves her husband.
• (D) True: Her passionate spirit and determination to live life on her own terms, defying high society for Vronsky, makes her character unique and revolutionary.
• (E) True: She becomes a tragic victim of rampant patriarchal forces (society accepts Vronsky's affair but exiles and condemns Anna).

Why B and C are wrong: Suggesting her choices were merely passion and instinct (B) oversimplifies her deliberate, conflicted decisions. Furthermore, she absolutely did not passively "accept" her exile (C); her struggle with social ostracization led to her intense paranoia and eventual suicide.

These darkly iconic opening lines belong to Fyodor Dostoevsky's 1864 novella Notes from Underground.

The unnamed narrator (the Underground Man) presents a deeply cynical, alienated view on humanity, setting the stage for major existential themes that Dostoevsky would explore in his later, larger novels like Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov.

A. "A Simple Heart" (II) is a famous short story by the French author Gustave Flaubert, part of his 1877 collection Three Tales.

B. "An Outpost of Progress" (I) is an 1897 short story by Joseph Conrad, reflecting on colonial exploitation in the Belgian Congo (a thematic precursor to Heart of Darkness).

C. "Six Feet of the Country" (IV) is a 1956 short story collection by Nadine Gordimer, the South African Nobel Laureate known for writing against apartheid.

D. "A Horse and Two Goats" (III) is a humorous short story by Indian writer R.K. Narayan (1970), detailing a communication gap between an American tourist and a Tamil goat-herder.

A. Sethe is the protagonist of Toni Morrison's Beloved (II). An escaped enslaved woman haunted by the ghost of the daughter she killed to save from slavery.

B. Okonkwo is the central character of Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart (III). He is a respected clan leader whose rigid adherence to tradition leads to tragedy during colonial disruption.

C. Offred is the narrator of Margaret Atwood's dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (I). She is forced into reproductive servitude in the Republic of Gilead.

D. Winston Smith is the protagonist of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (IV). He struggles against the oppressive surveillance state of Big Brother.

Statement (I) is correct. Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence (1996) by Doris Pilkington is based on the true story of three Indigenous Australian girls (the Stolen Generation) who escaped a government settlement and walked 1,600 km home.

Statement (II) is incorrect because the names of the three girls are Molly, Daisy, and Gracie (not Mary).