Q73. Match Canadian critics like Margaret Atwood and D.G. Jones with their works.

Correct Answer: 1 (A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I). This matches D.G. Jones with Butterfly on Rock, Margaret Atwood with Survival, John Moss with Patterns of Isolation, and Laurence Ricou with Vertical Man / Horizontal World.

Q74. What is the chronological order of Lucky Jim, Things Fall Apart, and The Handmaid's Tale?

Correct Answer: 2 (B, D, C, A). The order is: Lucky Jim (1954), Things Fall Apart (1958), The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961), and The Handmaid’s Tale (1985).

Q75. To which movement did Goethe, Schiller, and Herder belong?

Correct Answer: 1. Storm and Stress Movement (Sturm und Drang). This 18th-century German movement emphasized subjectivity and extreme emotion.

Q76. Who wrote that Rousseau sought to produce the moral man who would make the moral society?

Correct Answer: 4. Peter Gay. This is discussed in his work 'The Enlightenment: An Interpretation'.

American & World Literature Solved Questions

Q73. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II:

LIST-I (Writer)
A. D. G. Jones
B. Margaret Atwood
C. John Moss
D. Laurence Ricou

LIST-II (Work)
I. Vertical Man / Horizontal World
II. Patterns of Isolation: In English Canadian Fiction
III. Survival
IV. Butterfly on Rock

1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
4. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

Correct Answer: 1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Explanation:

This question targets the Thematic Criticism movement in Canadian Literature (1970s), where scholars sought to define a distinct Canadian national identity.

A. D. G. Jones — Butterfly on Rock (IV): Explores themes of isolation and the struggle with a "garrison mentality."
B. Margaret Atwood — Survival (III): The most famous text. She posits that the central theme of Canadian Lit is "Survival"—against nature and cultural dominance (US/UK).
C. John Moss — Patterns of Isolation (II): Identifies isolation (geographical and psychological) as the defining landscape of Canadian fiction.
D. Laurence Ricou — Vertical Man / Horizontal World (I): A classic of prairie literature/ecocriticism. It examines the human figure (Vertical) against the flat prairie (Horizontal).

Why this question is asked in UGC NET English:

The NTA has moved away from an exclusively Anglo-centric syllabus.

World Literatures: Canadian Literature is a core part of the "Commonwealth Literature" component.
Thematic Competency: It tests if you know the critics who defined the canon, not just the novelists.

🎯 Exam Point: Remember Northrop Frye as well. His concept of the "Garrison Mentality" heavily influenced all these writers (especially D.G. Jones and Atwood).

Q74. Arrange the following novels in chronological order of their publication:

A. The Handmaid’s Tale
B. Lucky Jim
C. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie
D. Things Fall Apart

1. D, A, B, C
2. B, D, C, A
3. B, A, C, D
4. D, B, A, C

Correct Answer: 2. B, D, C, A

Explanation:

This timeline spans from the post-war "Angry Young Men" movement to modern dystopian fiction:

1. Lucky Jim (1954): By Kingsley Amis. The definitive British "Campus Novel" and a core text of the 1950s.
2. Things Fall Apart (1958): By Chinua Achebe. The foundational Nigerian postcolonial novel depicting the clash with British colonialism.
3. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961): By Muriel Spark. A classic Scottish novel set in 1930s Edinburgh.
4. The Handmaid’s Tale (1985): By Margaret Atwood. A landmark Canadian dystopian novel critiquing patriarchal control.

Why this question is asked in UGC NET English:

This demonstrates the Global Canon Mapping required for the modern syllabus.

Testing Context: You must know that the post-war disillusionment (1950s) preceded the peak of African decolonization (late 50s/60s), which came before the feminist dystopian wave (1980s).

🎯 Exam Point: Kingsley Amis (Lucky Jim) was part of the "Movement" poets (with Philip Larkin). Chinua Achebe wrote Things Fall Apart as a direct response to Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness.

Q75. Johann Gottfried von Herder, Goethe, and Schiller experimented with new subjective modes of expression: which movement/circle did they belong to?

1. Storm and Stress Movement
2. Hermeneutic Circle
3. French Revolution
4. Religious Movement

Correct Answer: 1. Storm and Stress Movement

Explanation:

The movement is Sturm und Drang (German for "Storm and Stress").

The Movement: A proto-Romantic movement in late 18th-century German literature and music (late 1760s–early 1780s).
Key Figures: Johann Gottfried von Herder (the philosopher), Goethe (wrote The Sorrows of Young Werther), and Schiller (wrote The Robbers).
Characteristics: It emphasized subjectivity, extreme emotion, and rebellion against the rationalism of the Enlightenment. It focused on the "Genius" or the "Great Man" who defies societal norms.

Why this question is asked in UGC NET English:

This tests your understanding of Comparative Literature and the origins of Romanticism.

Precursor to Romanticism: "Storm and Stress" directly influenced English Romantics. You cannot fully understand the "Byronic Hero" without understanding Goethe's influence.
Intellectual History: It links philosophical shifts (Subjectivity) to literary groups.

🎯 Exam Point: Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) was so influential it caused a "Werther Fever" across Europe, where young men dressed like the protagonist and some even committed copycat suicides.

Q76. Who wrote the following about Rousseau? “Like his favorite philosopher, Plato, Rousseau sought to discover and produce the moral man who would make the moral society, and a moral society that would foster the moral man”.

1. J. S. Mill
2. Mary Wollstonecraft
3. Dr. Johnson
4. Peter Gay

Correct Answer: 4. Peter Gay

Explanation:

This quote comes from the renowned historian Peter Gay, specifically from his monumental work, The Enlightenment: An Interpretation.

The Argument: Gay argues that Rousseau’s project was not just political but deeply ethical. Like Plato (in The Republic), Rousseau aimed to create a reciprocal relationship where a virtuous citizen and a virtuous state sustain one another.
The Connection: Gay links Classical Greek philosophy (Plato) with 18th-century French philosophy (Rousseau).

Why this question is asked in UGC NET English:

The NTA increasingly tests the History of Ideas.

Interdisciplinary Approach: You are expected to know not just Rousseau's texts (The Social Contract, Emile) but how modern historians interpret them.
Romantic Origins: Rousseau's ideas (Noble Savage, General Will) directly birthed the Romantic Movement.

Why other options are wrong:

Mary Wollstonecraft: She was a contemporary critic of Rousseau, famously challenging his views on women's education in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.
Dr. Johnson: He famously despised Rousseau, once remarking that he was "a very bad man" whom he would sooner send to a "workhouse" than listen to.