Answer: 2. John Skelton

John Skelton was an English poet and tutor to King Henry VIII(Asked in Exam). He was born around 1463, possibly in Diss, Norfolk. Skelton played an influential role as a tutor to the young King Henry VIII. He died in Westminster and was laid to rest in St. Margaret's Church, although the tomb no longer exists.

Ralph Vaughan Williams, a renowned composer, set five of Skelton's "Tudor Portraits" to music around 1935. One of the compositions, titled "The Tunnying of Elynour Rummyng," showcases Skelton's text adapted to suit Vaughan Williams' music. Although the musical adaptation altered the original text, the sentiments expressed in the composition resonate effectively.

Before the Tudor period:

• Anglo-Saxon Period (5th-11th century)
• Norman Conquest (1066)
• Plantagenet Dynasty (1154-1485)
  • Angevin Empire (1154-1214)
  • Wars of the Roses (1455-1487)

Tudor Period:

• House of Tudor (1485-1603)
  • Henry VII (1485-1509)
  • Henry VIII (1509-1547)
  • Edward VI (1547-1553)
  • Mary I (1553-1558)
  • Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

After the Tudor period:

• Stuart Period (1603-1714)
  • James I (1603-1625)
  • Charles I (1625-1649)
  • Interregnum (1649-1660)
  • Charles II (1660-1685)
  • James II (1685-1688)
  • Glorious Revolution (1688)
  • William III and Mary II (1689-1694)
  • William III (1694-1702)
  • Anne (1702-1714)

Answer: 2. Henry VIII

"Henry VIII" is a history play created through the collaborative efforts of William Shakespeare and John Fletcher. It delves into the life of King Henry VIII. While contemporary documents refer to an alternative title, "All Is True," the play was ultimately published as "Henry VIII" in the First Folio of 1623(Asked in Exam). Stylistic analysis suggests that certain scenes were individually penned by either Shakespeare or his collaborator and successor, John Fletcher.

In terms of structure, the play bears a resemblance to the late romances. Notably, it stands out among Shakespeare's works for its extensive stage directions, surpassing any of his other plays in this regard.

During a performance of "Henry VIII" at the Globe Theatre in 1613, a cannon shot used for special effects ignited the thatched roof of the theatre, causing a fire that consumed the original Globe building.

Answer: 3. B and E

Complete List of Plays by Ben Jonson:

Comedies: A Tale of a Tub (c. 1596, 1633), The Isle of Dogs (1597) - lost, The Case is Altered (c. 1597–98), Every Man in His Humour (1598), Every Man out of His Humour (1599), Cynthia's Revels (1600), The Poetaster (1601), Eastward Ho (1605) - collaboration with John Marston and George Chapman, Volpone (c. 1605–06), Epicoene, or the Silent Woman (1609), The Alchemist (1610), Bartholomew Fair (1614), The Devil is an Ass (1616), The Staple of News (1626), The New Inn, or The Light Heart (1629), The Magnetic Lady, or Humours Reconciled (1632).

Tragedies: Sejanus His Fall (1603), Catiline His Conspiracy (1611), The Sad Shepherd (1637) - unfinished, Mortimer His Fall (1641) - fragment.

Nicholas Udall (1504-1556) was an English playwright, cleric, and schoolmaster, credited with writing Ralph Roister Doister, considered the first comedy in the English language. He also translated parts of Erasmus's Apophthegms. Udall's renowned play was likely performed as entertainment for Queen Mary around 1553 but remained unpublished until 1566. Additionally, Udall authored a Latin textbook, Flowers for Latin Speaking (1533)(Asked in Exam), incorporating material from his comedy and works by the Roman poet Terence.

John Lyly's plays (eight survive in quarto, published during his lifetime in fourteen separate editions, all but the last written in prose):

• Campaspe (performed 1583/84)
• Sapho and Phao (performed 1584)
• Gallathea (performed 1587/88)
• Endymion, the Man in the Moon (performed 1588)
• Midas (performed 1589/90)
• Mother Bombie (performed c.1590)
• Love's Metamorphosis (performed c.1589/90)
• The Woman in the Moon (probably performed 1590-95)

Answer: 3. John Brayne

The Red Lion was an Elizabethan playhouse built in 1567 for John Brayne(Asked in Exam). Located in Whitechapel (part of the modern Borough of Tower Hamlets), just outside the City of London on the east side. This was the first known attempt to provide a purpose-built playhouse in London for the many Tudor-age touring theatrical companies - and perhaps the first purpose-built venue known to have been built in the city since Roman times. Its existence was short-lived.

James Burbage (1530–1597) was a prominent figure in the English Renaissance theatre. He was not only an actor but also a theatre builder and entrepreneur. Burbage is most famous for constructing The Theatre, which was the first permanent dedicated theatre built in England since Roman times. His son, Richard Burbage (1567-1619), inherited his talents and became one of the most renowned actors of his time, particularly celebrated for his performances at the Globe Theatre. Richard Burbage shared a close friendship and business partnership with William Shakespeare.

Philip Henslowe (1550-1616) was another influential figure in the Elizabethan theatre scene. As an impresario and theatrical entrepreneur, his diary serves as an invaluable primary source of information. In 1584, Henslowe acquired The Little Rose in Southwark. In 1587, Henslowe partnered with John Cholmley to build The Rose, one of the earliest permanent playhouses in London, located in Bankside.

In 1598, Richard Burbage's company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, constructed the famous Globe Theatre in Bankside. In response, Henslowe moved the Admiral's Men to another theatre he had funded, the Fortune Theatre, located in the northwestern corner of the city. The shift caused concerns among the Watermen's Company, as it potentially impacted their business of transporting theatre patrons across the Thames.

Answer: 2. A and C

Religio Laici, Or A Layman's Faith (1682) is a poem written in heroic couplets by John Dryden(Asked in Exam). It was written in response to the publication of an English translation of the Histoire critique du vieux testament by the French cleric Father Richard Simon. Simon's book applied detailed criticism to the textual history of the Bible and argued that, given the compromised nature of much of the Bible, Christians would do better to base their faith on the history and traditions of the Roman Catholic Church.

His earlier Religio Laici (1682) had argued in eloquent couplets for the consolations of Anglicanism and against unbelievers, Protestant dissenters, and Roman Catholics.

In his longest poem, the beast fable The Hind and the Panther (1687), Dryden argued the case for his adopted church against the Church of England and the sects.

Answer: 1. Samson Agonistes

Samson Agonistes is a tragedy by John Milton, published in 1671(Asked in Exam) along with his epic Paradise Regained. It is considered one of the greatest English dramas following the Greek model and is known as a closet tragedy, more suitable for reading than performance. The play portrays the final phase of Samson's life as recounted in the biblical Book of Judges.

Despite being blind when he wrote it, Milton depicts Samson, once a mighty warrior, now blinded and imprisoned by the Philistines. Overcoming self-pity and despair, Samson regains his strength and brings down the temple of the Philistine god Dagon, sacrificing himself along with his captors.

Lycidas is a poem by John Milton, composed in 1637 as part of a volume of elegies published in 1638 to commemorate the death of his contemporary at the University of Cambridge, Edward King, who drowned in a shipwreck. The poem mourns the loss of a virtuous and promising young man who was about to begin a career as a clergyman. Following the conventions of the classical pastoral elegy, Milton contemplates themes of fame, the meaning of life, and divine judgement.

Comus is a masque by John Milton, performed on September 29, 1634, at Ludlow Castle in Shropshire before John Egerton, the Earl of Bridgewater, and later published anonymously in 1637. Milton wrote the masque to honour the earl's appointment as lord president of Wales and the Marches. It serves as an allegory against excessive revelry and celebrates private heroism in chastity and virtue. The story revolves around a virtuous Lady who gets lost in the woods and encounters the evil sorcerer Comus. Despite his attempts to imprison her, the Lady defends temperance and chastity in a debate with Comus and is eventually freed by her two brothers, aided by the Attendant Spirit and the river nymph Sabrina.

Answer: 2. A, C and E

Three Hours After Marriage is a restoration comedy written in 1717, primarily by John Gay, in collaboration with Alexander Pope and John Arbuthnot.(Asked in Exam) The play, which falls under the genre of satirical farce, satirises various targets, including Richard Blackmore.

The story revolves around Doctor Fossil, an arrogant and ageing scientist who marries a much younger woman named Mrs. Townley. Shortly after their marriage, Mrs. Townley becomes the object of affection for two rival suitors. The wife and suitors go to great lengths to hide their intentions from Dr. Fossil, leading to comical situations. The plot is further complicated by the presence of Phoebe Clinket, a female poet, and Sir Tremendous, a literary critic.

Three Hours After Marriage premiered on 16 January 1717 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. The cast included notable actors such as Benjamin Johnson as Doctor Fossil, Anne Oldfield as Mrs. Townley, Margaret Bicknell as Phoebe Clinket, and Colley Cibber as Plotwell. Other cast members included William Penkethman, Henry Norris, Elizabeth Willis, Thomas Walker, James Quin, and John Bowman.

Answer: 3. B and C

St Patrick's Day, or, The Scheming Lieutenant is an 18th-century play by Irish playwright and poet Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751–1816)(Asked in Exam), first performed on 2 May 1775 at Covent Garden. It is said to have been completed by the author within two days.

The Duenna is a three-act comic opera, mostly composed by Thomas Linley the Elder and his son, Thomas Linley the Younger, to an English-language libretto by Richard Brinsley Sheridan(Asked in Exam). At the time, it was considered one of the most successful operas ever staged in England, and its admirers included Samuel Johnson, William Hazlitt and George Byron (the latter called it "the best opera ever written").

List of Plays by Richard Brinsley Sheridan: The Rivals, St Patrick's Day, The Duenna, A Trip to Scarborough, The School for Scandal, The Camp, The Critic, The Glorious First of June, Pizarro, Clio's Protest (written 1771, published 1819).

Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774) was a well known Anglo-Irish novelist, playwright, dramatist and poet, who is noted for his novel The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), his pastoral poem The Deserted Village (1770), and his plays The Good-Natur'd Man (1768) and She Stoops to Conquer (1771, first performed in 1773). He is thought by some to have written the classic children's tale The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes (1765). In 1760 Goldsmith began to publish a series of letters in the Public Ledger under the title The Citizen of the World. Purportedly written by a Chinese traveller in England by the name of Lien Chi, they used this fictional outsider's perspective to comment ironically and at times moralistically on British society and manners.

Irene is a Neoclassical tragedy written between 1726 and 1749 by Samuel Johnson. It has the distinction of being the work Johnson considered his greatest failure. Since his death, the critical consensus has been that he was right to think so.

Richelieu; Or the Conspiracy (generally shortened to Richelieu) is an 1839 historical play by the British writer Edward Bulwer-Lytton. It portrays the life of the Seventeenth Century French statesman Cardinal Richelieu. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden on 7 March 1839.

Answer: 2. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

"Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood" (also known as "Ode", "Immortality Ode" or "Great Ode") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in Poems, in Two Volumes (1807).(Asked in Exam)

The poem was completed in two parts, with the first four stanzas written among a series of poems composed in 1802 about childhood. The first part of the poem was completed on 27 March 1802 and a copy was provided to Wordsworth's friend and fellow poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who responded with his own poem, "Dejection: An Ode", in April. The fourth stanza of the ode ends with a question, and Wordsworth was finally able to answer it with seven additional stanzas completed in early 1804. It was first printed as "Ode" in 1807, and it was not until 1815 that it was edited and reworked to the version that is currently known, "Ode: Intimations of Immortality".

The poem relies on the concept of pre-existence, the idea that the soul existed before the body, to connect children with the ability to witness the divine within nature.(Asked in Exam) As children mature, they become more worldly and lose this divine vision, and the ode reveals Wordsworth's understanding of psychological development which is also found in his poems The Prelude and Tintern Abbey. Wordsworth's praise of the child as the "best philosopher" was criticised by Coleridge and became the source of later critical discussion.

In 1802, Wordsworth wrote many poems that dealt with his youth. These poems were partly inspired by his conversations with his sister, Dorothy, whom he was living with in the Lake District at the time. The poems, beginning with "The Butterfly" and ending with "To the Cuckoo", were all based on Wordsworth's recalling both the sensory and emotional experience of his childhood. From "To the Cuckoo", he moved on to "The Rainbow", both written on 26 March 1802, and then on to "Ode: Intimation of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood".

Answer: 1. B, D, C, A, E