"Ubu Roi'' is a play written by Alfred Jarry and first published and produced in 1896. Originally intended as a parody of one of Jarry's teachers, it quickly evolved into a satire of the French middle class.

"Ubu Roi" is a parody of Shakespeare's "Macbeth" and incorporates elements from "Hamlet" and "King Lear." The story unfolds as Ubu's wife persuades him to lead a revolution, resulting in the murder of the King of Poland and most of the royal family. The King's son, Bougrelas, and the Queen manage to escape, but the Queen later dies. The ghost of the deceased king appears to his son, urging him to seek revenge.

The play's scatological references, pompous style, and distorted French language provoked a riot when it premiered. However, it later gained recognition and appreciation from Surrealists and Dadaists in the 1920s, who hailed it as the first Absurdist drama.

Molière (E) (1622-1673) - French playwright and actor, known as the greatest writer of French comedy. His works include Tartuffe, L’École des femmes, Le Misanthrope, and Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (A) (1749-1832) - German literary figure considered the greatest of the modern era. His works, including Faust, are central to German literature and the Romantic movement.

Oscar Wilde (B) (1854-1900) - Irish wit, poet, and dramatist associated with the Aesthetic movement. Known for his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray and plays such as The Importance of Being Earnest.

Eugene O’Neill (D) (1888-1953) - Foremost American playwright and Nobel Prize winner. His notable works include Long Day’s Journey into Night and The Iceman Cometh.

Bertolt Brecht (C) (1898-1956) - German poet, playwright, and theatrical reformer. Known for his epic theatre style with works like The Threepenny Opera and Mother Courage and Her Children.

Three Sisters is a Russian drama by Anton Chekhov, first performed in Moscow in 1901. The play revolves around the Prozorov sisters who long for the excitement of Moscow, but are trapped in a dreary provincial life. It makes subtle allusions to Hamlet through its philosophical musings and character paralysis.

The Seagull, another drama by Chekhov, was performed in 1896 and published as Chayka in 1897. It explores themes of lost opportunities and generational conflicts, drawing direct intertextual references to Shakespeare's Hamlet (e.g., Konstantin and Arkadina directly quoting the closet scene from Hamlet in Act I).

Other Explanations:

The Cherry Orchard (1904) examines the decline of the Ranevskaya family and their charming estate.

Uncle Vanya (1897) delves into themes of aimlessness and hopelessness in provincial Russian life.

A Marriage Proposal (1888–1889) is a one-act farce showcasing comedic elements of dialogue-based action.

"The Caucasian Chalk Circle" is a play by the German playwright Bertolt Brecht, presenting a parable about a peasant girl who saves a baby and proves to be a more nurturing mother than the child's wealthy biological parents.

"Life of Galileo," also known as "Galileo," is a play by Bertolt Brecht that explores the life of the renowned Italian philosopher Galileo Galilei and his clash with the Roman Catholic Church.

"Man Equals Man," or "A Man's a Man," is a play by Bertolt Brecht that delves into the themes of war, human interchangeability, and identity.

Other Explanations:

Copernicus and Archimedes are famous historical scientists, not the titles of well-known plays by Bertolt Brecht.

"The Flies" (French: "Les Mouches") is a play written by Jean-Paul Sartre and first produced in 1943. It is an adaptation of the well-known Electra myth, previously explored by ancient Greek playwrights such as Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides.

The play follows the story of Orestes and his sister Electra as they seek vengeance for the murder of their father, Agamemnon, the former king of Argos. Sartre infuses existentialist themes into the play, presenting Electra and Orestes in a confrontation with Zeus and his Furies, highlighting the pervasive fear and lack of autonomy experienced by Zeus's worshippers.

A. Philip Roth: Philip Roth was an acclaimed American writer (USA) known for his exploration of themes such as Jewish identity and American society ("American Pastoral").

D. Ruskin Bond: Ruskin Bond is an Indian author (India) known for his writings depicting life in the Himalayan regions of India ("The Room on the Roof").

E. Ali Cobby Eckermann: Ali Cobby Eckermann is an Australian poet (Australia) of Indigenous heritage, known for her poetry addressing identity and displacement.

Incorrect Pairings:

B. Shirley Jackson was an American author famous for "The Lottery" and "The Haunting of Hill House", not Australian.

C. Henry James was an American-British writer, not Canadian.

Hector Hugh Munro, born on December 18, 1870, and known by his pen name Saki, was a British writer celebrated for his clever and darkly humorous stories. He crafted a collection of witty short stories and sketches, such as "Reginald" (1904), "Reginald in Russia" (1910), "The Chronicles of Clovis" (1912), and "Beasts and Super-Beasts" (1914).

Having worked as a foreign correspondent in various regions including the Balkans, Russia, and Paris for The Morning Post, Saki used his experiences abroad to inform his sharply satirical fiction. Characterised by well-constructed plots, surprise endings, and epigrams, these stories often revolved around practical jokes and Edwardian society satire.